Flare and blowdown systems are central mitigation systems for many oil and gas facilities. They dispose of relief and depressurisation loads, reduce escalation risk and support emergency response. Because multiple scenarios can depend on the same system, weaknesses in flare…
Brownfield modifications introduce a different risk profile from greenfield design. The project must work around operating equipment, existing safeguards, legacy drawings, constrained layouts and simultaneous operations. A technically small change can interact with old systems in ways that are not…
Management of Change is one of the most important controls for preventing process safety risk from increasing unnoticed. Modifications can change process conditions, equipment capability, control logic, operating procedures or the performance of existing barriers. Not every change needs a…
A practical guide to HAZOP guidewords, deviations, causes, consequences and safeguards for process safety workshops in oil, gas and industrial facilities.